Vineet Kumar , Maurya and Malini , Laloraya (2013) Transforming Growth Factor-Beta 1 (TGF-B1) Liberation from Its Latent Complex During Embryo Implantation and Its Regulation by Estradiol in Mouse. Biology of reproduction, 89 (4). pp. 1-17. ISSN 1529-7268

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Abstract

Abstract Transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-B) plays an important role in embryo implantation; however, TGF-B requires liberation from its inactive latent forms (i.e., large latent TGF-B complex [LLC] and small latent TGF-B complex [SLC]) to its biologically active (i.e., monomer or dimer) forms in order to act on its receptors (TGF-BRs), which in turn activate SMAD2/3. Activation of TGF-B1 from its latent complexes in the uterus is not yet deciphered. We investigated uterine latent TGF-B1 complex and its biologically active form during implantation, decidualization, and delayed implantation. Our study, utilizing nonreducing SDS-PAGE followed by Western blotting and immunoblotting with TGF-B1, LTBP1, and latency-associated peptide, showed the presence of LLC and SLC in the uterine extracellular matrix and plasma membranous protein fraction during stages of the implantation period. A biologically active form of TGF-B1 (~17-kDa monomer) was highly elevated in the uterine plasma membranous compartment at the peri-implantation stage (implantation and nonimplantation sites). Administration of hydroxychloroquine (an inhibitor of pro-TGF-B processing) at the preimplantation stage was able to block the liberation of biologically active TGF-B1 from its latent complex at the postimplantation stage; as a consequence, the number of implantation sites was reduced at Day 5 (1000 h), as was the number of fetuses at Day 13. The inhibition of TGF-B1 showed reduced levels of phosphorylated SMAD3. Further, the delayed-implantation mouse model showed progesterone and estradiol coordination to release the active TGF-B1 form from its latent complex in the receptive endometrium. This study demonstrates the importance of liberation of biologically active TGF-B1 during the implantation period and its regulation by estradiol.

Item Type:	Article
Uncontrolled Keywords:	decidualization, delayed implantation, embryo implantation, latent TGF-B1 complex, ovarian steroids, TGF-B1 activation
Subjects:	Molecular Reproduction
Depositing User:	Central Library RGCB
Date Deposited:	03 Mar 2017 07:52
Last Modified:	03 Mar 2017 07:52
URI:	http://rgcb.sciencecentral.in/id/eprint/286

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