Moinak, Banerjee (2011) Is pharmacogenomics a reality? Challenges and oppurtunities for India. Indian journal of human genetics. S1-3. ISSN 1998-362X

Text Is pharmacogenomics( Ind.J.of Human genetics).pdf Restricted to Registered users only Download (231Kb) | Request a copy

Abstract

The global pharmaceutical market is approximately US$ 825 billion. While we evaluate the volume of the market, it is also important to know that which aspect of the drug response this market size refers to. The term drug response includes two facets: drug effectiveness (efficacy) and drug side effects. It is estimated that, on average, as much as 40% of the medicines that individuals take every day are not effective. In fact, for certain medications the estimate of non effectiveness is well over 50%. This would mean that close to US$ 400 billion are effectively wasted. While referring to specific classes of drugs, a conservative estimate indicates that 15-35% of patients have an adequate or no response to b-blockers; 7-28% of patients have an adequate or no response to angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors; 9-23% of patients respond inadequately to selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors; 20-50% of patients have an adequate or no response to tricyclic antidepressants, 10-20% of patients do not initially respond to antipsychotic therapy, and an additional 20-30% who do respond early on eventually relapse and some develop serious side effects.[1] In more than 91.2% of drug treatments approved in the USA in the last decade, the teratogenic risks in human pregnancy remain undetermined.[2] Evaluating the side effects of the drugs would further add burden to the economy of drug response. These observations raise serious apprehensions about how India should address its health benefit concerns. India occupies 20% of the world population, but shares only 2% of the global pharmaceutical market and that too for generic drugs. This would mean that newer and probably safer drugs are out of reach of common Indians. Adverse drug reporting is also not a common practice in most of the clinical establishments in India.

Item Type:	Article
Subjects:	Human Molecular Genetics
Depositing User:	Central Library RGCB
Date Deposited:	11 Jul 2018 05:44
Last Modified:	11 Jul 2018 05:44
URI:	http://rgcb.sciencecentral.in/id/eprint/642

Actions (login required)

View Item